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基于目标状态的双向心理辅导模式探索——以一名焦虑失眠的大三学生为例

Exploration of Two-way Psychological Counseling Mode Based on Target State —Taking a Junior with Anxiety and Insomnia as an Example

心理咨询理论与实践 / 2023,5(1)：27-41 / 2023-02-07 274 212

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• 作者： 王成¹      陈方超²      刘维宇³      张丽倩⁴     
• 单位：

  1．长安大学理学院，西安； 
  2．铜仁学院大健康学院，铜仁； 
  3．长安大学电子与控制工程学院，西安； 
  4．陕西国际商贸学院，西安
  

• 关键词： 目标状态；双向；心理辅导模式；焦虑失眠
• Goal state; Two-way; Psychological counseling mode; Anxiety and insomnia
• 摘要： 大学生的心理健康水平不仅决定着个人命运，也影响着民族的未来和国家的前途。然而，当前大学生的心理健康状况却不容乐观。虽然很多学生饱受“心理问题”折磨并迫切求助，但是不良的心理咨询体验、反复的咨询效果及盲目的药物治疗建议导致他们对心理咨询失望，并深感无奈和无助。文章根据“完形疗法”和“认知—行为疗法”的理论及心理辅导实践经历，以“正向—逆向— 双向”为主线，基于心理辅导的“包装—个性化—经验性”三个维度和“整体—分解—整体”三个层次，对心理辅导进行了设计，提出了目标状态的双向心理辅导模式。心理辅导实践表明：目标状态的双向心理辅导模式可以有效提高心理辅导的效果、缩短咨询周期、减少复发率，其多回合的“正向—逆向—双向”模式具有较好的复制性，可为其他心理咨询师或心理教师的心理辅导提供参考和借鉴。
• The mental health level of college students not only determines the fate of individuals, but also affects the future of the nation and the country. However, the current mental health of college students is not optimistic. Although many students suffer from “psychological problems” and urgently seek help, their poor psychological counseling experience, repeated counseling effects, and blind drug treatment suggestions make them disappointed with psychological counseling and feel resignedly and helplessly. According to the theory of “Gestal Therapy” and “Cognitive-Behavioral Therapy” and the practical experience of psychological counseling, the article takes “forward reverse-two way” as the main line, based on the “packaging-individualizationexperience” three dimensions and “whole-decomposition-whole” three levels of psychological counseling, the psychological counseling is designed, and the twoway psychological counseling mode of the target state is proposed. The practice of psychological counseling shows that the two-way psychological counseling mode of the target state can effectively improve the effect of psychological counseling, shorten the course of treatment, and reduce the recurrence rate, whose multi-round “forward-reverse-two way” model could be reproduced and popularized in other psychological counseling for psychological counselors or psychologists in the future.
• DOI： https://doi.org/10.35534/tppc.0501003
• 引用： 王成，陈方超，刘维宇，等．基于目标状态的双向心理辅导模式探索——以一名焦虑失眠的大三学生为例［J］．心理咨询理论与实践，2023，5（1）：27-41．