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积极评价条件下关系类型和择偶策略对择偶复制影响的性别差异

Gender Differences in the Effects of Relationship Type and Mate Choice Strategies on Mate Choice Copying under Positive Evaluation Conditions

心理咨询理论与实践 / 2023,5(8)：661-671 / 2023-09-05 147 199

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• 作者： 黄旖雯 梁心怡     
• 单位：

  广东培正学院应用心理学系，广州

• 关键词： 择偶复制；积极评价；榜样与目标异性的关系；性别差异；择偶策略；恋爱综艺
• Mate choice copying; Positive evaluations; Role models’ relationship with the target opposite sex; Gender differences; Mate choice strategies; Love variety show
• 摘要： 择偶复制（Mate choice copying）是指个体在择偶过程中，复制同性别他人（榜样）选择对象的现象。当观察到同性别他人（榜样）对异性积极评价时，个体对该异性的评价也会提高，此时就出现了积极复制。本研究以60名大学生为被试，通过2*3*2的混合实验探讨了榜样积极评价条件下，榜样与目标异性的关系（基线、非恋爱关系、恋爱关系）和择偶策略（长期策略、短期策略）对择偶复制的影响，并分析其中的性别差异。结果发现，在榜样积极评价条件下：（1）男性和女性均产生择偶复制且倾向于使用短期择偶策略；（2）榜样与目标异性的关系对两性的择偶复制产生不同影响，当目标异性单身（即非恋爱关系）时，两性的交往意愿均最高；但当得知目标异性有恋爱关系时，男性的长期交往意愿显著降低。说明其他同性对单身目标异性的好评能显著提高两性的交往意愿，但男性更在意女性的情感经历，且这个影响是消极的，这可能与男性的性垄断观念有关。
• Mate choice copying is a phenomenon in which an individual copies the choice of a person by another person of the same sex (a role model) in the process of mate choice. Positive copying occurs when positive evaluations of the opposite sex by others of the same sex (role models) are observed, and the individual’s evaluation of that opposite sex also increases.In this study, 60 college students were used as subjects in a 2*3*2 mixed experiment to explore the effects of role model’s relationship with the target opposite sex (base line, romantic relationship, non-romantic relationship) and mate-choice strategy (long-term strategy, short-term strategy) on mate-choice copying under the condition of role model’s positive evaluations and to analyze the gender differences in it. The results found that: under the positive role model evaluation condition, (1) both males and females produced mate choice copying and both tended to use short-term mate choice strategies; (2) the role model’s relationship with the target opposite sex had different effects on the mate choice copying of the two genders, with both genders’ willingness to engage in a relationship being the highest when the target opposite sex was single (non-romantic relationship); however, males’ willingness to engage in a long-term relationship was significantly lower when they learned that the target opposite sex was in a romantic relationship. This suggests that other same-sex people’s favorable comments about the single target opposite sex can significantly increase both genders’ willingness to engage in a relationship, but men are more concerned about women’s emotional experiences, and this effect may be negative, which may be related to men’s concept of sexual monopoly.
• DOI： https://doi.org/10.35534/tppc.0508062
• 引用： 黄旖雯，梁心怡．积极评价条件下关系类型和择偶策略对择偶复制影响的性别差异［J］．心理咨询理论与实践，2023，5（8）：661-671．