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内疚感特质在心理咨询师伦理胜任力发展中的路径机制与实务启示

Guilt-Proneness in the Development of Ethical Competence among Psychotherapists: Pathway Mechanisms and Practical Implications

Theory and Practice of Psychological Counseling / 2025,7(10): 758-766 / 2025-11-05 17 7

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• Authors: 杨笑一
• Information:

  上海晴窗舍心理咨询工作室，上海

• Keywords:
  Guilt-proneness; Ethical competence; Psychotherapists; Moral emotions; Repair-oriented behavior
  内疚感特质; 伦理胜任力; 心理咨询师; 伦理情绪; 修复性行为
• Abstract: Objective: This study aims to investigate how guilt-proneness influences the development of ethical competence in psychotherapists, with a particular focus on “repair-oriented guilt” as a motivational driver for ethical behavior. Method: A three-year qualitative longitudinal observation was conducted with 30 psychotherapists at various career stages. Data were collected through interviews, supervision summaries, and ethical discussion records. Thematic analysis was used to construct a pathway model linking “personality structure, guilt-proneness, core ethical competence, and behavioral responses”. Results: The findings show that moderate and well-regulated guilt-proneness promotes ethical sensitivity, strengthens responsibility, and activates reflective and corrective behaviors. Repair-oriented guilt emerged as a key predictor of ethical maturity and was integrated into a preliminary assessment tool for use in practitioner selection and training. Conclusion: Guilt functions as a mediating moral emotion between ethical awareness and ethical action, playing a central role in the development of professional ethics. Building an organizational culture that supports “appropriate guilt” may enhance ethical competence and professional growth in psychotherapists. 目的：本研究旨在探索心理咨询师内疚感特质对其伦理胜任力发展的影响机制，强调“修复性内疚”在伦理行为中的驱动作用。方法：采用为期三年的质性追踪观察，选取30名不同发展阶段的心理咨询师，通过访谈资料、督导记录、伦理讨论内容等进行主题归纳分析，构建“人格结构—内疚感特质—伦理能力—伦理行为”的路径模型。结果：研究发现，适度且可调节的修复性内疚不仅能够提升伦理敏感性与责任感，还可激活反思与修正行为，成为咨询师伦理成长的重要推动力。同时，本研究提出内疚感可作为伦理胜任潜力的标志性特质，并开发了初步测评量表以辅助筛选与培养。结论：内疚感在伦理觉察与伦理行为之间发挥中介功能，是伦理能力发展的关键情绪变量。伦理文化建设应注重“适度内疚”的激发与转化机制，以支持心理咨询师的专业发展。
• DOI: https://doi.org/10.35534/tppc.0710083 (registering DOI)
• Cite: 杨笑一. (2025). 内疚感特质在心理咨询师伦理胜任力发展中的路径机制与实务启示. 心理咨询理论与实践, 7(10), 758-766.