变态心理学课程的教学现状与改进路径
Teaching Status and Improvement Paths of Abnormal Psychology Courses
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- Keywords: Abnormal psychology; Curriculum development; Current teaching practices; Improvement strategies变态心理学; 课程建设; 教学现状; 改进路径
- Abstract: As an essential branch of psychological science, Abnormal Psychology has received growing attention regarding its curriculum development and instructional methodologies. However, significant challenges persist in current teaching practices, including insufficient qualified faculty, outdated teaching materials, and a problematic disconnection between theoretical frameworks and clinical applications, all of which substantially constrain students’ learning efficacy and practical skill development. Through systematic analysis of existing pedagogical approaches, this study proposes strategic improvements focusing on curriculum modernization through international benchmarking and enhanced integration of theoretical knowledge with clinical practice, aiming to optimize educational outcomes and better equip students with professional competencies.随着心理学领域的发展，变态心理学作为重要分支，其课程设置和教学方法备受关注。然而，当前课程存在师资力量不足、教材内容滞后、理论与实践脱节等问题，制约了学生的学习效果与实践能力。基于对教学现状的分析，本研究提出更新教材内容并与国际接轨、推动理论与临床实践结合的改进路径。
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教改项目
高中生心理素质的类别转变对问题行为的影响：一项潜在转变分析
Different Transition Types of High School Students’ Psychological Suzhi and Its Impact on Problem Behaviors: An Analysis Based on Latent Transition Modeling
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- Keywords: Psychological suzhi; Problem behaviors; High school students; Latent transition analysis心理素质; 问题行为; 高中生; 潜在转变分析
- Abstract: In a one-year longitudinal survey of 2398 high school students, this study explored different transition types of psychological suzhi and its impact on changes in problem behaviors. The findings revealed that (1) high school students’ psychological suzhi could be divided into three profiles: high, middle, and low groups; (2) students in the high and middle groups maintained high stability over the one-year period, and students in the high and low groups had the highest probability of transitioning to the middle group; (3) changes in problem behaviors were strongly predicted by different transition types of psychological suzhi, problem behaviors were significantly reduced in those who stayed in the high and middle groups, or transitioned to the more positive psychological suzhi group.本研究对2398名高中生进行为期一年的两次纵向追踪调查，考察心理素质的潜在类别转变及其对问题行为变化的影响。结果表明：（1）高中生心理素质可分为高、中等、低三种潜在类别；（2）在一年内,高、中等组的高中生心理素质保持了较高的稳定性,高、低组的高中生向中等组转变的概率最高；（3）高中生心理素质的不同转变模式显著预测问题行为的变化，高、中等组的保留者或转变到更积极心理素质组的转变者，问题行为显著减少。
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科研立项教改项目
消防员自我关怀对主观幸福感的影响：领悟社会支持的中介作用
The Influence of Self-compassion on Subjective Well-being among Firefighters: The Mediating Effect of Perceived Social Support
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- Keywords: Self-compassion; Perceived social support; Subjective well-being; Firefighter自我关怀; 主观幸福感; 领悟社会支持; 消防员
- Abstract: Objective: The national comprehensive fire and rescue team is the main force of emergency rescue, and increasing the positive psychological resources of firefighters can improve the ability to resist stress risks. This study explored the relationship between firefighters’ self-compassion, perceived social support, and subjective well-being. It provides an empirical reference for improving firefighters’ subjective well-being through self-compassion. Methods: The study uses a sample of 516 firefighters from four firefighting teams in the southwestern region of China, who complete self-compassion scale, multidimensional scale of perceived social support, life satisfaction and positive and negative emotion scale. The study uses ANOVA, correlation analysis, regression analysis, and Bootstrap test to investigate the relationship between self-compassion, perceived social support, and subjective well-being among firefighters. Results: (1) ANOVA shows that perceived social support and subjective well-being are significantly different in terms of marital status and job positions, with front-line combatants being higher than those in the administrative units, and unmarried firefighters being higher than married firefighters.(2) Correlation analysis shows that self-compassion is significantly positively correlated with perceived social support and subjective well-being (p<0.01).(3) Regression analysis shows that firefighters’ self-compassion can significantly predict subjective well-being (β =0.46, p<0.001) , and perceived social support can significantly predict subjective well-being (β =0.37, p<0.001).(4) The results of the Bootstrap test show that the direct effect of self-compassion on firefighters’ subjective well-being is significant, with a direct effect value of 0.47, accounting for 74.60%. The mediating effect of perceived social support on self-compassion and subjective well-being was significant, with a mediating effect value of 0.16, accounting for 25.40%. Perceived social support played a partial mediating role in the relationship between self-compassion and subjective well-being. Conclusion: Self-compassion can be indirectly enhanced through perceived social support, thereby improving firefighters’ subjective well-being. In the daily training of firefighters, self-compassion training can be increased to enhance firefighters’ ability to perceive social support, thereby improving their subjective well-being and promoting quality of life.目的：国家综合性消防救援队伍是应急救援的主力军，增强消防员的积极心理资源，可以提升其抵御应激风险的能力。本研究旨在探究消防员自我关怀、领悟社会支持和主观幸福感之间的关系，为通过自我关怀提升消防员主观幸福感提供实证参考。方法：采用自我关怀量表简版、多维社会支持量表、生活满意度和积极消极情绪量表，运用方差分析、相关性检验、回归分析和Bootstrap检验法以西南地区516名消防员为调查对象，对其调查数据进行分析。结果：（1）方差分析显示消防员领悟社会支持和主观幸福感在婚姻情况和工作岗位上存在显著差异，其中一线战斗员明显高于机关单位消防员；未婚消防员明显高于已婚消防员。（2）相关性分析显示自我关怀与领悟社会支持和主观幸福感之间存在显著正相关（p<0.01）。（3）回归分析表明，消防员自我关怀能显著正向预测主观幸福感（β=0.46，p<0.001），领悟社会支持能显著正向预测主观幸福感（β=0.37，p<0.001）。（4）Bootstrap检验结果显示，自我关怀与消防员主观幸福感的直接效应显著，直接效应值为0.47，占比74.60%；领悟社会支持在自我关怀和主观幸福感之间的间接效应显著，间接效应值为0.16，占比25.40%。领悟社会支持在自我关怀和主观幸福感之间起部分中介作用。结论：自我关怀可以通过领悟社会支持间接提升消防员的主观幸福感，在消防员的日常训练中，可以增加自我关怀的培训，增强消防员领悟社会支持的能力，以此提升消防员的主观幸福感，促进生活质量的提高。
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科研立项
累积生态风险对高校学生学习投入的影响：自我肯定的中介作用
The Effect of Cumulative Ecological Risk on College Students’ Study Engagement: A Mediation of Self-affirmation
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- Keywords: Cumulative ecological risk; Study engagement; Self-affirmation; College students累积生态风险; 学习投入; 自我肯定; 高校学生
- Abstract: A questionnaire survey was conducted among college students in three provinces to investigatethe impact of cumulative ecological risk on college students’ Study engagement and the role of selfaffirmation.The results show that: (1) The cumulative ecological risk level of college students is low, andthe level of self-affirmation and Study engagement is good; (2) There are significant differences in the levelof self-affirmation in grades and majors; There are significant differences in the level of Study engagementbetween genders and grades. (3) The cumulative ecological risk of college students has a significantnegative correlation with self-affirmation and Study engagement, and a significant positive correlationwith self-affirmation and Study engagement; (4) Self-affirmation plays a partial mediating role betweencumulative ecological risk and learning input. To this end, colleges and universities can consciouslycultivate students’ self-affirmation characteristics and healthy and positive attitude, so that they can betterface the adverse impact of cumulative ecological risks on life and study.对三省高校学生进行问卷调查，考察累积生态风险对高校学生学习投入的影响，以及自我肯定在其中所起的作用。研究发现：（1）高校学生的累积生态风险水平较低，自我肯定水平和学习投入水平良好；（2）自我肯定水平在年级和专业喜爱度上存在显著差异；学习投入水平在性别和年级存在显著差异；（3）高校学生累积生态风险与自我肯定和学习投入呈显著负相关，自我肯定与学习投入呈显著正相关；（4）自我肯定在累积生态风险与学习投入之间起部分中介作用。为此，高校可以有意识地培养学生的自我肯定特质和健康积极向上的心态，使他们可以更好地面对累积生态风险给生活和学习带来的不良影响。
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科研立项
表达性写作在新时代社会心理服务自助体系建设中的应用进展
The Application Progress of Expressive Writing in the Construction of Self-service System for Social Psychology in the New Era
- Authors:
- Keywords: Construction of a self-service system for social psychological services; Expressive writing; Physical and mental health; Chinese culture社会心理服务自助体系建设; 表达性写作; 身心健康; 中国文化
- Abstract: The construction of a social psychological service system is an important part of nationalinnovative social governance, and valuable experience has been accumulated in various aspects suchas working mechanisms and system construction. At present, the overall demand intensity for socialpsychological services among the public is increasing, and the trend of personalized demand is obvious.However, there is a shortage of professional personnel and institutions, and there is an urgent needfor more convenient and efficient psychological self-help technologies to meet the self maintenance ofnational mental health. Expressive Writing (EW) is a psychological intervention technique that is easy tooperate, cost-effective, and effective, with great potential for application in various scenarios and groups.In the construction of a self-service system for social psychological services in the new era, traditionalexpressive writing can be integrated with excellent traditional Chinese culture, other psychologicalintervention methods, internet technology, etc. for application innovation, providing the public with morescientific, feasible, and convenient social psychological service self-service intervention technologies.社会心理服务体系建设是国家创新社会治理的重要内容，目前已在工作机制、体系建设等方面积累了宝贵经验。当前，民众社会心理服务的总体需求强度攀升、个性化需求趋势明显，但专业人员和机构又存在供给不足，迫切需要更加便捷高效的心理自助技术满足国民心理健康的自我维护。表达性写作（expressivewriting，EW）是一种操作简便、经济高效、效果良好的心理干预技术，在各种场景和群体中有极大的应用潜力。在新时代社会心理服务自助体系建设中，可将传统的表达性写作与中华优秀传统文化、其他心理干预方法、互联网技术等融合进行应用创新，为民众提供更具科学性、可行性和便捷性社会心理服务自助干预技术。
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