墨子归因疗法：大学生心理干预新路径
Mozi Attribution Therapy: A New Pathway of Psychological Intervention for University Students
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- Keywords: Mozi’s anti-fatalism; College students; Mozi attribution therapy; Positive attribution model墨子非命观; 大学生; 墨子归因疗法; 积极归因模式
- Abstract: This study explores the relationship between Mozi’s anti-fatalism and individual mental health, integrating ancient philosophy with modern psychological counseling theories to propose “Mozi’s Attribution Therapy”. The purpose of this therapy is to help university students abandon negative attribution styles when facing challenges, develop a positive mindset and coping strategies, and enhance their mental health. The therapy includes five different stages: identifying stressors, exploring attribution styles, understanding emotional and behavioral responses, integrating Mozi’s anti-fatalism, and evaluating the counseling effect. The “Mozi Attribution Therapy” primarily influences individuals’ attribution styles by reshaping their views on fate, establishing positive attribution patterns, and focusing on “exceptional situations”. This therapy helps cultivate a positive social mindset among university students and construct positive attribution patterns. However, it also has certain limitations, such as the potential to overlook objective factors and individual differences. In the future, our research will focus on developing more effective methods for changing attribution patterns, strengthening empirical studies, and promoting theoretical integration and innovation.本研究探讨墨子非命观与个体心理健康的关系，将古代哲学与现代心理咨询理论相结合，提出了“墨子归因疗法”。该疗法旨在帮助大学生面对挑战时摒弃消极归因方式，形成积极心态和应对策略，助力心理健康提升。该疗法包括五个主要阶段：识别应激源、探究归因方式、理解情绪和行为反应、融入墨子非命观及评估咨询效果。“墨子归因疗法”主要通过对被试人命运观重塑、积极归因模式建立以及关注“例外情形”等方式影响其归因方式。该疗法有助于培育大学生积极社会心态，建构积极归因模式，但也存在一定的局限性，如可能忽视客观因素和个体差异等。未来研究将聚焦于开发更多有效的归因模式改变方法、加强实证研究，并推动理论融合与创新等。
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认知改变——现代心理咨询与治疗的有效因子之一
Cognitive Alteration —One of the Efficient Factors Help to Modern Psychological Counseling and Psychotherapy
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- Keywords: Psychological counseling; Shared factor model; Cognition; Changes心理咨询; 共同因素模式; 认知; 改变
- Abstract: Psychological counseling is a process in which patients get positive psychological improvement with the help of psychological consultants. The theory system of different schools of psychological counseling theory develops rapidly, and different views and explanations on the occurrence and solutions of psychological illness are put forward based on distinct views of human nature and disease. However, there are some limitations and deficiencies in all kinds of psychological therapy theories. And disputes between different theory schools are also remains. So, a new psychological counseling and psychotherapy integrate different theories occurred. Generally, shared factor model believed that the effect of therapeutic may be affected by some common problems, such as counseling relationship, emotional experience. Furthermore, the occurrence of intergation between different theoretical perspectives further supported it. In this study, cognitive alteration, as one of the common factors was explored.心理咨询实质上是来访者在咨询师的帮助下发生某种积极改变的过程。不同的心理咨询理论流派基于不同的人性观和疾病观对心理问题的成因和应对提出了不同的解释和看法，其理论体系发展迅速，但各理论流派均不可避免的存在某些局限或不足，流派之间的争论也持续存在。鉴于此，当今心理咨询与治疗理论折衷整合的趋势便应运而生。其中，共同因素模式认为不同的治疗理论和方法 可能存在某些共同的因素在影响治疗效果，如咨访关系、情感体验等，而整合过程即确认这些因素。本文旨在探讨这种影响咨询效果的共同因素之一——认知的改变。
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浅析心理咨询中来访者的改变——以合理情绪疗法等经典心理咨询理论为例
A Simple Analysis of the Changes of Visitors in Psychological Counseling —Based on Classical Psychological Counseling Theories and Rational Emotional Therapy
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- Keywords: Psychological counseling; Cognition; Emotion; Behavior; Changes心理咨询; 认知; 情绪; 行为; 改变
- Abstract: Psychological counseling is a kind of helping behavior based on psychology. The patients showed some positive changes with the help of the counselors.The psychological problems of patients are dominantly reflected in cognition, emotion or behavior.In the counseling process, counselors, which come from different theory schools, may intervene the patient’s psychology through cognition, emotion, or behavior.Finally this may thoroughly improve or change it. Furthermore, the patients can realize the psychological balance and get rid of their psychological dilemma.心理咨询是一种心理上的专业助人活动。在咨询过程中，来访者在咨询师的帮助下发生某种积极的变化。来访者的心理问题通常主要表现在认知、情绪或行为等方面。一般来讲，不同的心理咨询理论流派在咨询中，或通过认知、或通过情绪、或通过行为对来访者的心理进行干预，最终实现三者的共同改善或改变，从而帮助来访者实现心理的平衡，走出心理困境。
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