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中国高校STEM学科毕业生的能力发展与就业质量——基于2019年全国高校毕业生就业抽样调查数据的实证分析

STEM Graduates: Ability Development and Employment Quality—Based on the Empirical Analysis of a National Graduates Survey Data in 2019

Education Study / 2025,7(7): 778-786 / 2025-07-31 16 8

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• Authors: 周丽萍 王莹莹 蔡伊敏
• Information:

  广州大学教育学院，广州

• Keywords:
  STEM; College graduates; Ability development; Employment
  STEM; 高校毕业生; 能力发展; 就业
• Abstract: Based on the sampling survey data of 32 universities in 17 provinces in 2019, this paper makes an empirical analysis on the ability development and employment status of STEM graduates. The findings are as follows: (1) In 2019, STEM graduates’ ability development, employment implementation, starting salary and employment satisfaction were better than those of non-STEM graduates; (2) There is a certain degree of gender and class segregation in the talent training and employment of STEM students; (3) There are differences in the value-added of skills among STEM discipline graduates across institutions, disciplines, and regions. 本文基于2019年17个省区市32所高校的抽样调查数据，对STEM学科毕业生的能力发展和就业状况进行了实证分析。研究发现：（1）2019年STEM学科毕业生的能力增值体验、就业落实、初职起薪和就业满意度均优于非STEM学科毕业生；（2）STEM学科大学生在人才培养和求职就业中存在一定程度的性别与阶层隔离；（3）STEM学科毕业生能力增值存在院校差异、专业差异和地区差异。
• DOI: https://doi.org/10.35534/es.0707148
• Cite: 周丽萍，王莹莹，蔡伊敏．中国高校STEM学科毕业生的能力发展与就业质量——基于2019年全国高校毕业生就业抽样调查数据的实证分析［J］．教育研讨，2025，7（7）：778-786．