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中国心理学前沿

Psychology of China

ISSN Print: 2664-1798
ISSN Online: 2664-1801
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社会比较的神经基础

The Neural Bases of Social Comparison

中国心理学前沿 / 2019,1(2):108-130 / 2019-05-21 look6910 look8727
  • 作者: 龚栩¹²³      罗跃嘉¹²     
  • 单位:
    1. 深圳大学脑疾病与认知科学研究中心,深圳,518060;
    2. 深圳大学深圳市情绪与社会认知科学重点实验室,深圳,518060;
    3. 奈梅亨大学唐德斯脑、认知和行为研究所,荷兰,6525EN
  • 关键词: 社会比较;社会情绪;心理健康;社会与情感认知神经科学
  • Social comparison;Social emotions;Mental health;Social and affective cognitive neuroscience
  • 摘要: 随着认知神经科学技术的迅速发展,社会比较的研究重新成为了社会认知研究领域的热点。本文综述了近年来社会比较认知神经科学研究成果,从社会比较及其经典理论评述着手,总结和讨论了能力及资源控制和人际间情感联接及心理距离的不同社会比较过程及其对情绪和行为影响的神经基础。具体为,向下比较过程与腹侧纹状体的激活相联系,是一种社会性奖赏加工过程,并伴随正性情绪的体验和行为反应模式;向上比较过程与背侧前部扣带回、脑岛的激活相联系,是一种社会性疼痛的加工过程,并伴随着负性情绪体检和行为反应模式;心理理论相关的脑区,如腹侧前额叶、楔前叶、后部扣带回和颞顶联合区也参与到社会比较对情绪和后续行为反应的影响过程中。最后,本文还综述了社会比较的个体和文化差异的研究,并对社会比较领域以后的研究提出了展望。
  • With the rapid development of cognitive neuroscience methodologies, research on social comparison has become a focus of social and affective neuroscience. This article reviews the latest cognitive neuroscience studies regarding the neural mechanisms underlying social comparison. We start by outlining the basic concept of social comparison and describing the classic theory,and then summarize and discuss the neural basis of different aspects of social comparison,namely with regard to competence,resource control and affective connection,psychological distance. On one hand,downwards social comparison processes are accompanied by positive emotions,which correspond to the regions of ventral striatum (VS) - the brain area involved in reward circuitry;on the other hand,upwards social comparison processes are accompanied by negative emotions,which implicate the areas of dorsal anterior cingulate cortex(dACC) and insula—regions typically related to the processing of social pain and negative stimuli. Moreover,brain regions involved in mentalizing,such as medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC),precuneus,posterior cingulated cortex (PCC),temporoparietal junction (TPJ),are also involved in the processes of social comparison on following actions. Finally,we review studies of individual and culture differences in relation to social comparison and propose a path for future research directions in this domain.
  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.35534/pc/0102008
  • 引用:

    龚栩,罗跃嘉.社会比较的神经基础[J]. 中国心理学前沿,2019,1(2):108-130.

    https://doi.org/10.35534/pc/0102008

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