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居家养老模式下的老年介入护理研究 ——基于武汉市百步亭社区实证分析

Study on Interventional Nursing of the Elderly under the Mode of Home Care —Based on the Empirical Analysis of Baibuting Community in Wuhan

Psychology of China / 2023,5(3): 230-241 / 2023-03-21 249 386

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• Authors: 隗虹     
• Information:

  武汉文理学院，武汉

• Keywords: Home-based care for the aged; “Care”; System 居家养老；“介护”；体系
• Abstract: Using SCL-90 symptom checklist and self-designed questionnaire in Wuhan Baibuting elderly in community for psychological assessment, questionnaires and tracking interviews, combing the outstanding problems in the aged. Established the aged care is not olny an ordinary sense of the disease care, but also a financial physical, psychological, social elements involved in the elderly as one integrated whole life care concept. To meet the various needs of the elderly, from the spiritual solace, psychological care to start, according to China's economic and social development, drawing on old theory of psychological development, “active aging” theory, the care theory from Japanese, proposed a “nursing intervention” in concepts: assistance to the elderly, based on the caregiver to meet the mental, physical, social and other aspects required to make the life of self-reliance, social integration, physical and mental health, contribute. To the “Care” as an entry point to home care as the background, and build a comprehensive elderly medicine, psychology, sociology integrated model, built with Chinese characteristics “Care System”, the core is: Independent Living support; mental health guidance; worthiness guidance; interpersonal help; final excellent death education. 采用SCL-90症状自评量表和自编的问卷调查表，对武汉市百步亭社区老年人，进行心理测评、问卷调查及跟踪访谈，梳理了老年人在养老中存在的突出问题。确立了老年护理并不是一般意义上的疾病护理，而是一个融合身体、心理、社会要素为一体的介入老年人全部生活的综合护理的理念。为满足老年人多方面的需求，从精神慰藉、心理关怀入手，根据中国经济与社会发展情况，借鉴老年心理发展理论、积极老龄化理论、日本“介护”理论，提出了“介入护理”的概念：以对老年人的援助为基础，以满足被介护者精神、身体、社会等各方面要求，使之生活自立、融入社会、身心健康、有所贡献为目标。以“介护”为切入点，以居家养老为背景，构筑了一个老年人全方位医学、心理学、社会学综合模式，构建了具有中国特色的“介护”体系，其核心是：自立生活支持，心理健康引导，老有所为指导，人际交往帮助，优终优逝教育。
• DOI: https://doi.org/10.35534/pc.0503029
• Cite: 隗虹．居家养老模式下的老年介入护理研究——基于武汉市百步亭社区实证分析［J］．中国心理学前沿，2023，5（3）：230-241．