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事前经历相似性促进自发观点采择

The Facilitating Effect of the Similarity of Prior Experiences on Spontaneous Perspective-taking

Psychology of China / 2024,6(5): 804-812 / 2024-06-13 365 466

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• Authors: 范若琳      郑允佳      李嘉怡      黄俊豪     
• Information:

  广东金融学院应用心理学系，广州

• Keywords: The similarity of prior experiences; Abstractly similar experiences; Spontaneous perspectivetaking; The conscious level 事情经历的相似性；抽象表征相似；自发性观点采择；意识水平
• Abstract: This study examines the impact of the similarity of prior experiences on spontaneousperspective-taking by comparing the explicit forgiveness scores towards the perpetrator among threegroups of participants (those with identical experiences, those with abstractly similar experiences, andthose with completely different experiences) following a negative interpersonal event. Additionally,the study explores the conscious characteristics of spontaneous perspective-taking by contrasting thesubjective assessment of participants regarding their own perspective-taking under different similarityconditions. The findings reveal that, except for those with completely different experiences, participantswith abstractly similar and identical experiences both showed forgiveness towards the perpetrator, withno significant difference in the degree of forgiveness. Furthermore, these two groups of participantswere also aware of their spontaneous emotional and cognitive perspective-taking, with similar levels ofawareness. This suggests that both abstractly similar and identical experiences can prompt individuals tospontaneously take others’ perspectives, and individuals are able to be conscious of this socially mentalprocess. 本研究通过比较三组被试（完全相同经历者、抽象表征相似经历者和完全不同经历者）在遭遇负性人际事件后，对施害者的外显谅解程度来考察事前经历相似性对自发观点采择的影响，并进一步对比不同相似性条件下被试对自己进行自发观点采择的主观评价来探讨自发观点采择的意识水平。研究发现，除了完全不同经历的被试外，抽象表征相似经历和完全相同经历的被试均表现出对施害者的谅解，且两者的谅解程度没有显著差异。同时，这两组被试也意识到了自己在情绪和认知层面上进行了自发的观点采择，且意识程度相似。这表明，无论是抽象表征相似还是完全相同的经历，都能促使个体自发地采择他人的观点，并且个体能够意识到这一社会心理过程的存在。
• DOI: https://doi.org/10.35534/pc.0605091
• Cite: 范若琳，郑允佳，李嘉怡，等．事前经历相似性促进自发观点采择［J］．中国心理学前沿，2024，6（5）：804-812．