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医学生成人依恋与职业生涯探索的关系：有调节的中介效应分析

Relationship of Medical Students’Adult Attachment and Career Exploration: Analysis of Moderated Mediation Effect

Psychology of China / 2025,7(8): 1001-1007 / 2025-08-18 12 4

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• Authors: 高晓萌¹²
• Information:

  1．天津师范大学心理学部，天津；
  2．河南医药大学心理学院，新乡

• Keywords:
  Adult attachment; Achievement motivation; Ego identity; Career exploration; Medical students
  成人依恋; 成就动机; 自我同一性; 职业生涯探索; 医学生
• Abstract: Objective: This study aimed to examine the relationships among adult attachment, ego identity, achievement motivation, and career exploration in medical students, as well as the underlying mechanisms linking these variables. Methods: A total of 442 medical students in Henan Province were surveyed using the Adult Attachment Scale, Achievement Motivation Scale, Ego Identity Scale, and Career Exploration Questionnaire. Results: (1) Both attachment anxiety (r = -0.468, p < 0.01) and attachment avoidance (r = -0.468, p < 0.01) were negatively correlated with career exploration, whereas achievement motivation (r = 0.597, p < 0.01) and ego identity (r = 0.622, p < 0.01) were positively correlated with career exploration. (2) Ego identity fully mediated the relationships between attachment anxiety (95% CI: -0.454 to -0.232) and career exploration, and between attachment avoidance (95% CI: -0.282 to -0.095) and career exploration. (3) Achievement motivation moderated the second half of the mediation process. Specifically, the predictive effect of ego identity on career exploration was stronger at lower levels of achievement motivation compared to higher levels. Conclusion: Ego identity fully mediates the effect of adult attachment on career exploration, and this mediating pathway is further moderated by achievement motivation. 目的：探究医学院校本科生成人依恋、自我同一性、成就动机与职业生涯探索的关系及其内在作用机制。方法：采用成人依恋量表、成就动机量表、自我同一性量表和职业探索问卷，对河南省部分医学院校442名医学生进行调查。结果：（1）依恋焦虑（r=-0.468，p<0.01）、依恋回避（r=-0.464，p<0.01）与职业生涯探索呈负相关；成就动机（r=-0.597，p<0.01）、自我同一性（r=-0.622，p<0.01）与职业生涯探索呈正相关。（2）自我同一性在医学生依恋焦虑（95%CI：-0.454～-0.232）、依恋回避（95%CI：-0.282～-0.095）与职业生涯探索间起完全中介作用。（3）成就动机负向调节中介模型的后半段路径。相对于高成就动机，在低成就动机水平下，自我同一性对职业生涯探索的预测作用更显著。结论：成人依恋通过自我同一性对职业生涯探索产生影响，且这一路径受到成就动机的调节。
• DOI: https://doi.org/10.35534/pc.0708162
• Cite: 高晓萌. (2025). 医学生成人依恋与职业生涯探索的关系: 有调节的中介效应分析. 中国心理学前沿, 7 (8), 1001-1007.