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家庭功能对儿童自伤行为的影响：抑郁的中介作用

The Impact of Family Functioning on Children’s Selfinjurious Behavior: The Mediating Role of Depression

Psychology of China / 2025,7(12): 1637-1642 / 2026-01-06 38 23

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• Authors: 赵银¹ 刘祥丽² 魏亚慧¹ 王越¹ 贺荣珍¹
• Information:

  1．山东农业大学心理教育中心，泰安；
  2．山东省泰安市岱岳区化马湾乡中心小学，泰安

• Keywords:
  Children and adolescents; Depression; Self-injury; Family function; Parental relationship
  儿童; 抑郁; 自伤; 家庭功能; 父母感情
• Abstract: Objective: To explore the impact of family functioning, parental relationship quality on depression and selfinjury behavior in children and adolescents, and to provide evidence for interventions targeting these issues. Methods: In October 2024, 320 students in grades 3-5 from Shandong Province were selected via cluster sampling. The Children’s Depression Inventory, Family Assessment Device, and a self-designed questionnaire were administered. Independent samples t-tests, ANOVA, and logistic regression analyses were used to examine associations among variables. Results: (1) 35students (11.44%) reported self-injury behavior, and 107 students (34.40%) exhibited potential depressive symptoms, with no significant gender differences; (2) The self-injury group had significantly higher depression scores than the non-self-injury group (t = 4.076, p<0.001), particularly in negative emotions, anhedonia, low self-esteem, and low self-efficacy (p< 0.05); (3) Higher family dysfunction scores (poorer functioning) were associated with more severe depression (F=20.788, p<0.001). Better parental relationships predicted lower depression scores (F =8.359, p<0.001); Better parental relationships correlated with lower rates of self-injury (χ² = 9.570, p<0.01) and reduced self-injury frequency (χ² = 39.711, p<0.001);(4) Family dysfunction and poor parental relationships positively predicted negative emotions, interpersonal issues, low self-esteem, anhedonia, and low self-efficacy (p<0.05); (5) Depression fully mediated the effects of family functioning on self-injury behavior. Conclusion: Family-related factors are critical targets for interventions addressing depression and self-injury behavior in children and adolescents. 目的：探讨家庭功能、父母感情与儿童抑郁和自伤行为的影响，为儿童抑郁和自伤行为的干预提供依据。方法：2024年10月，采用整群抽样方法选取山东省320名3～5年级学生作为研究对象，使用儿童抑郁量表、家庭功能量表、自编问卷进行调查，采用独立样本t检验、方差分析和Logistic回归分析探究各因素之间的关联。结果：（1）有自伤行为的学生35人，占比11.44%，可能存在抑郁困扰的学生107人，占比34.40%，均不存在显著的性别差异；（2）自伤组的抑郁分数显著高于非自伤组，t=4.076，p<0.001。自伤组在负性情绪、快感缺失、低自尊、低自我效能感方面的分数显著高于非自伤组，p<0.05；（3）家庭功能得分越高（功能越差），儿童的抑郁程度越严重F=20.788，p<0.001。父母感情也显著影响抑郁得分F=8.359，p<0.001，父母感情越好，抑郁分数越低；父母感情越好，发生自伤行为的比例越低，χ2=9.570，p<0.01，自伤频率越低χ2=39.711，p<0.001；（4）家庭功能、父母感情可以正向预测儿童负性情绪、人际问题、低自尊、快感缺失、低自我效能感，p<0.05；（5）抑郁在家庭功能对儿童的自伤行为影响中起到完全中介作用。结论：家庭功能、父母感情与儿童抑郁和自伤行为密切相关。
• DOI: https://doi.org/10.35534/pc.0712265
• Cite: 赵银, 刘祥丽, 魏亚慧, 王越, 贺荣珍. (2025). 家庭功能对儿童自伤行为的影响: 抑郁的中介作用. 中国心理学前沿, 7 (12), 1637-1642.