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消失的性别刻板印象：当代大学生性别角色与刻板印象的现状研究

The Disappearance of Gender Stereotypes: A Study on Gender Roles and Stereotypes Among Contemporary College Students

黄海馨, 刘婧, 侯天馨, 邹梦婷, 倪盈盈, 谭梦鸽

Psychology of China / 2026,8(3): 335-342 / 2026-04-07 18 16

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• Information:

  江苏理工学院，常州

• Keywords:
  Gender roles; Gender stereotypes; Implicit association test (IAT); Androgyny
  性别角色; 性别刻板印象; 内隐联想测验; 双性化
• Abstract: This study aims to investigate the current status of gender role distribution and its relationship with gender stereotypes among contemporary college students in the context of social change. A questionnaire survey and the Implicit Association Test (IAT) were administered to 825 college students. The results showed that: (1) The gender role identity of contemporary college students presents a significant trend of de-dualization, with androgyny (36%) and undifferentiated (36%) becoming the dominant types, while the proportion of traditional single-gender roles has decreased substantially. (2) Explicit measurements revealed that the overall intensity of gender stereotypes was significantly weaker than that in similar studies at the end of the 20th century, and most personality traits were generally regarded as gender-neutral. Androgynous individuals held the fewest gender-based judgments. (3) No significant gender stereotype effect was detected at the group level in implicit measurements. This study is the first to examine the weakening trend of gender stereotypes among contemporary college students by combining explicit and implicit measurement methods. The findings indicate that under the background of social structural transformation and the popularization of gender equality, the gender cognitive system of the young generation is undergoing reconstruction, traditional gender norms continue to loosen, but a new gender consensus has not yet fully formed. 本研究旨在考察社会变迁背景下当代大学生的性别角色分布现状及其与性别刻板印象的关系。研究采用问卷法与内隐联想测验（IAT），对825名大学生进行了测量。结果表明：（1）当代大学生的性别角色认同呈现显著的去二元化趋势，双性化（36%）与未分化（36%）成为主导类型，传统的单性化角色占比大幅下降；（2）外显测量显示，整体性别刻板印象强度较20世纪末的同类研究显著弱化，多数人格特质被普遍视为“两性无差异”；双性化个体持有的性别化判断最少；（3）内隐测量未在群体水平上检测到显著的性别刻板印象效应。本研究首次结合外显与内隐测量方法考察了当代大学生性别刻板印象的弱化趋势，研究结果表明，在社会结构转型与性别平等观念普及的背景下，青年一代的性别认知体系正在经历重构，传统性别规范持续松动，但新的性别共识尚未完全形成。
• DOI: 10.35534/pc.0803052 (registering DOI)
• Cite: 黄海馨, 刘婧, 侯天馨, 邹梦婷, 倪盈盈, 谭梦鸽. (2026). 消失的性别刻板印象: 当代大学生性别角色与刻板印象的现状研究. 中国心理学前沿, 8 (3), 335-342.