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社会支持、自我概念与大学新生自我伤害行为的关系研究

The Relations of Social Support, Self-Concept and Deliberate Self-Harm in College Freshmen

Theory and Practice of Psychological Counseling / 2024,6(6): 302-309 / 2024-06-21 461 650

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• Authors: 魏来¹      闵容²      林洁欣¹      万紫莹¹      张佳玮¹      蔡勇杰¹      罗芸雅¹     
• Information:

  1. 广东工业大学学生工作办公室，揭阳；
  2. 广东工业大学心理健康教育与咨询中心，广州

• Keywords: Self-injury; Social support; Self-concept 自我伤害；社会支持；自我概念
• Abstract: Objective to examine three models relations among social support, self-concept and deliberate self-harm. Methods A total of 776 college students from a university in Jieyang were investigated by using the self-concept clarity scale, adapted from the Perceptive Social Support Scale (PSSS) and Intentional self-injury Questionnaire (DSHI) compiled by Zimet Results Both social support and self-concept clarity can effectively predict self-injury, with coefficient of determination (p<0.001) Social support can significantly predict self-concept (p<0.001) When self-concept clarity was added to the regression equation, the predictive effect of social support on self-injury decreased but was still significant (p<0.001); Regression analysis showed that social support had no significant predictive effect on high self-concept (p>0.05). The predictive effect of social support on low self-concept was significant (p<0.001). Conclusion: (1) Both social support and self-concept had protective effects on deliberate self-harm, which supported the additive effect model. (2) Self-concept had partial mediation effect on social support to deliberate selfharm, which supports the mediation effect model. (3) The protective effect of social support on deliberate self-harm was obvious in the low self-concept group, which belonged to the antagonistic interaction. 目的：探讨大学新生社会支持、自我概念与自我伤害之间的关系，了解大一新生的自伤行为，可以为大学生自伤行为的干预和预防提供理论依据。方法：以揭阳一所高校776名大学生为研究对象，采用自我概念清晰性量表、改编由Zimet编制的领悟社会支持量表（PSSS）以及蓄意自伤问卷（DSHI）进行调查。结果：研究显示，社会支持和自我概念清晰性均能有效预测自我伤害行为（p<0.001）。社会支持可以显著预测自我概念（p＜0.001)。当自我概念清晰性被纳入回归方程时，社会支持对自我伤害的预测作用虽有所下降但仍然显著（p＜0.001)。回归分析表明，在高自我概念水平下，社会支持的预测作用不显著（p＞0.05）；而在低自我概念水平下，社会支持的预测作用显著（p＜0.001）。结论：（1）社会支持和自我概念均对自我伤害行为具有保护作用，支持了累加效应模型；（2）社会支持通过自我概念的部分中介作用对自我伤害产生间接影响，支持了中介效应模型；（3）社会支持对自我伤害的保护作用在低自我概念组中明显，属于对抗型交互作用。
• DOI: https://doi.org/10.35534/tppc.0606038
• Cite: 魏来，闵容，林洁欣，等．社会支持、自我概念与大学新生自我伤害行为的关系研究［J］．心理咨询理论与实践，2024，6（6）：302-309.