Abstract:
Folk wisdom holds that being confused is detrimental to complex learning. However, research
on emotions and complex learning suggest a somewhat more sophisticated relationship between
confusion and learning outcomes. Theoretically, it has been proposed that impasses that trigger states of
cognitive disequilibrium and confusion can create opportunities for deep learning of conceptually difficult
content. In practice, AutoTutor that engenders confusion through challenging problems and vague hints is
describe. This computer learning environment either naturally or artificially induce confusion in learners
in order to create learning opportunities and enhance learning gains.
人们一般认为,困惑不利于复杂学习。然而,对情绪和复杂学习关系的研究表明,困惑与复杂学习结果之间存在更为扑朔关系。理论上,触发认知不平衡和困惑状态的僵局可以为概念中困难内容的深度学习创造机会。实践中,以AutoTutor 为例,该计算机学习环境可通过挑战性问题和模糊性提示自然或人为地诱发学习者的困惑,以创造学习机会,提升学习收益。