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一般健康问卷（GHQ-12）在罪犯心理健康筛查中的应用

Application of General Health Questionnaire (GHQ-12) in Criminal Mental Health Ccreening

心理咨询理论与实践 / 2022,4(2)：77-84 / 2022-02-28 576 387

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• 作者： 杨骥      赵政威     
• 单位：

  湖南省津市监狱，常德

• 关键词： 罪犯；心理健康； 一般健康问卷
• Criminal; Mental Health; General Health Questionnaire
• 摘要： 目的：用一般健康问卷（GHQ-12）评估某狱罪犯心理健康状况并分析影响因素。方法：采用基本资料问卷和一般健康问卷对某狱罪犯进行数据收集，对收集到的数据进行统计分析。结果：（1）研究对象GHQ 总分得分0-12（3.01±3.51），GHQ 阴性2999 人（57.86%），GHQ 阳性2184 人（42.14%）， 各项目阳性率最高的三项是“因为担忧而睡眠太少”“总感觉高兴不起来，心情压抑”和“总是感到精神紧张”。（2）GHQ 阳性组（总分≥ 3）和GHQ 阴性组（总分<3）两组在年龄、执行刑期、剩余刑期等方面比较， 差异有统计学意义（p<0.05）。（3）二元Logistic 分析显示，随着年龄的增长和剩余刑期延长，研究对象 其心理健康水平趋低，执行刑期3 至10 年组与症状显著相关。结论：某狱罪犯存在着一定的心理健康问题，各押犯监区需对年龄35 岁以上、执行刑期为3 至10 年、剩余刑期3 年以上的罪犯进行重点关注。
• Objective: To evaluate the mental health status of prisoners in a prison by general health questionnaire (GHQ-12) and analyze the influencing factors. Methods: The basic information questionnaire and general health questionnaire were used to collect the data of criminals in a certain prison, and the collected data were analyzed statistically. Results: (1) The total GHQ score of the subjects was 0-12 (3.01±3.51), and 2999 (57.86%) were GHQ-negative and 2184 (42.14%) were GHQ-positive. The three items with the highest positive rate were “too little sleep due to worry”, “always feeling depressed and depressed” and “always feeling nervous”. (2) There were statistically significant differences in age, execution term and remaining term between GHQ positive group (total score ≥3) and GHQ negative group (total score <3) (p<0.05). (3) Binary Logistic analysis showed that with the increase of age and the extension of the remaining sentence, the mental health level of the subjects tended to decline, and the group serving the sentence of 3 to 10 years was significantly correlated with symptoms. Conclusion: There are certain mental health problems in certain prisoners in a prison, and the prisoners over 35 years of age, serving a sentence of 3 to 10 years, remaining sentence of more than 3 years should be paid more attention in each prison.
• DOI： https://doi.org/10.35534/tppc.0402010
• 引用： 杨骥，赵政威．一般健康问卷（GHQ-12）在罪犯心理健康筛查中的应用［J］．心理咨询理论与实践，2022，4（2）：77-84．