The Origin and Grammaticalization of the Frequency Adverb Jin ( 尽) in Chinese Dialects
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- Keywords: Chinese Dialects; Frequency Adverb; Jin ( 尽); Etymology; Grammaticalization
- Abstract: The frequency adverb Jin ( 尽) is widely distributed in Mandarin Dialects as well as in Jin, Xiang, Gan, Wu, and Hakka dialects, indicating high-frequency repetition of actions and long-term continuation of states and often carries strong negative evaluative colors. It is derived from the word Jin ( 儘) with the Jingmu ( 精母, voiceless initial consonant) and Shangsheng ( 上声) tone in the Tang Dynasty (7th-10th c.). Its semantic and phonetic evolution led to a new writing form, Jin ( 儘)’s creation on the basis of Jin ( 盡), which was both simplified to the vulgar form Jin ( 尽) in contemporary written language. In the Middle Ancient Chinese (5th-12thc.), the verb Jin ( 尽) developed a causative meaning in the pivotal structure “Jin ( 尽) +N+VP” and gradually evolved along the semantic continuum of “cause > permit > allow > connive”. When the noun (N) in that structure was omitted, the Jin ( 尽) is adjacent to the VP and gradually grammaticalized from a verb into a modal adverb and then frequency adverb. The grammaticalization path of Jin ( 尽) can be summarized as: “verb with the meaning ‘to connive’ > modal adverb > frequency adverb”.
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Machines and Space: Machine Aesthetics and the Renovation Design of Industrial Factory Buildings
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- Keywords: Machine aesthetics; Industrial factory renovation; Spatial regeneration; Heritage preservation; Design strategies
- Abstract: This paper conducts a research investigation into the renovation design of old industrial factory buildings under the guidance of the theory of machine aesthetics. By elaborating on the characteristics and viewpoints of machine aesthetics—namely functionality, standardization, modularization, and the expression of technicality—it provides a core theoretical basis for the renovation of industrial architecture. It then organizes and examines its developmental history, stylistic features, and classic cases both domestically and abroad, and analyzes the positive significance of its application in aspects such as spatial reconfiguration, material presentation, and technological integration. Subsequently, from the perspective of preserving memory and texture, it proposes that applying machine aesthetics to the renovation design of existing industrial buildings can preserve their original historical memory, restore structural authenticity, and reuse industrial characteristics to endow them with new functions and aesthetic symbols, thereby embodying a design proposition that integrates historical context with modern life. Finally, the paper offers a prospect of future development trends in this direction.
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Funding
Collaborative Practice Study on Modern (New Era) Agricultural Science and Technology Resources Empowered Labor Education — A Case Study of Cooperation between a High School Affiliated to Beijing Normal University and Pinggu Agricultural Zhongguancun College
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- Keywords: Agricultural science and technology resources; Labor education; Collaborative practice; Core literacy; Social classroom
- Abstract: To further implement the policy requirements related to labor education, the High School Affiliated to Beijing Normal University and Pinggu Agricultural Zhongguancun College jointly launched an immersive agricultural practice activity themed “Learning through Spring Farming · Cultivating Virtue via Labor Education” in April 2025. Targeting 875 eighth-grade students, the activity constructed an innovative labor education model integrating “agricultural science practice - life education - cultural infiltration”. Through the development of four types of characteristic agricultural science and technology practice bases, the establishment of a “four-stage connection” labor education implementation system, and the building of a “three-dimensional linkage” practical education community, the research achieved comprehensive improvement of students’ core literacy, innovative breakthroughs in the development model of resource units, and replicable promotion of the collaborative education mechanism. This practice provides typical experience for primary and middle schools to carry out practical education relying on regional characteristic agricultural science and technology resources. It promotes the upgrading of traditional labor education into a comprehensive education process that integrates scientific and technological exploration, cultural infiltration, character shaping and ability improvement.
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The Relationship between Social Capital and Innovation Potential: The Mediating and Moderating Effects of Psychological Capital
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Authors:
Qiuyan Zhang¹²* Jianping Hu³ Xinyi Liu³ Xiaoyan Cheng⁴ / Guide to Education Innovation / 2025,5(4): 259-275 / 2025-12-29
- Keywords: Psychological capital; Social capital; Innovation potential; Mediating effect; Moderating effect
- Abstract: This study investigated the influence and mechanism of social capital on innovation potential through the 2018 sample data of the China Family Panel Studies (CFPS). 12,318 Chinese people were identified as research subjects, and a model was constructed and validated to explore the relationship between social capital and innovation potential. The results showed that: (1) Both social capital and psychological capital were significantly and positively related to innovation potential; (2) Psychological capital played a partial mediating effect in the relationship between social capital and innovation potential; (3) Psychological capital played a moderating effect in the relationship between social capital and innovation potential — when individuals had a higher level of psychological capital, social capital showed a more substantial facilitation effect on innovation potential. These findings enrich the theory of innovation and provide cross-cultural evidence to better exploit the role of innovation in economic development and social progress.
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Funding
Toward Students’ Life-Circle Positive Development: Constructing the “Three Rings and One Window” Systemic Model for School Mental Health Education
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Authors:
Lingyun Zhuang¹* Hongming Li² Lu Wang¹ Wanling Zhou¹ / Guide to Education Innovation / 2025,5(4): 253-258 / 2025-12-26
- Keywords: Three-Dimensional School Mental Health Education Framework; Three Rings and One Window (3R1W); School mental health education; Ecological perspective; Life-course development
- Abstract: To address the challenges in school mental health education, including the focus on short-sighted goals and the lack of coherent and systematic planning, this study develops a systematic model guided by the “Three-Dimensional School Mental Health Education Framework” and supported by the “Three Rings and One Window” (3R1W) practice system. The three-dimensional framework includes the dimensions of student agency, positive qualities, and life-course development, promoting a shift in school mental health education from problem-focused intervention toward lifelong empowerment. The 3R1W system comprises the Direct Intervention Ring, the Indirect Empowerment Ring, and the Collaborative Multi-System Ring, alongside the Time-Sensitive Care Window integrated within them. This system facilitates broad participation within the school environment and continuous support across students’ developmental stages. It effectively mitigates the fragmentation often seen in mental health education, establishes a new holistic and integrated paradigm for positive school mental health, and offers a viable reference solution for the systematic construction of school mental health education.
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