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文化适应视域下少数民族“学困生”成因的个案研究——以汉语环境中的一少数民族学生为例

A Case Study on the Causes of Ethnic Minority Students with Learning Difficulties from the Perspective of Cultural Adaptation —Taking a Minority Student In Chinese Environment as an Example

教育研讨 / 2022,4(2)：152-157 / 2022-04-18 219 220

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• 作者： 文仟晓      马静静      邓三英     
• 单位：

  怀化学院教科院，武陵山片区基础教育研究中心，怀化

• 关键词： 汉语环境；少数民族；学困生；个案研究
• Chinese context; Minority nationality; Underachievers; Case study
• 摘要： 文化适应是指个体从一种文化转移到另一种与其当初生活的文化不同的异质文化中后，个体基于对两种文化的认知和感情依托而做出的一种有意识有倾向的行为选择和行为调整。论文以笔者班上的一名少数民族“学困生”A 生作为个案，分析身处汉语环境中的少数民族“学困生”的成因。调查研究发现，该生学习困难有父母汉语文化水平低，家庭教育能力弱等家庭方面的原因；也有学校班级规模大，教学进度统一，使得老师无法因材施教等学校方面的原因；还有学生基础弱、学习习惯差、自尊心强等个体方面的原因。针对这些原因，论文从家庭、学校和个体层面提出有相应的对策。
• Cultural adaptation refers to a conscious and inclined behavior choice and behavior adjustment made by individuals based on their cognition and emotional support for the two cultures when they transfer from one culture to another heterogeneous culture which is different from the culture they originally lived in. Taking the minority student A with learning difficulties in the author’s class as a case, this paper analyzes the causes of the minority “student with learning difficulties” in the Chinese environment. The survey found the cause of this students’ learning difficulties is very complicated, which includes family, society, school and students themselves. First of all, family reasons such as parents’ low level of Chinese education and weak family education ability are responsible for this student’s learning difficulties. Besides, school reasons such as large class size and unified teaching progress, making teachers unable to teach students in accordance with their aptitude. In addition, Individual reasons such as students’ weak foundation, poor learning habits and strong self-esteem are also a part of problem. In view of these reasons, the paper proposes corresponding countermeasures from the family, school and individual level.
• DOI： https://doi.org/10.35534/es.0402025
• 引用： 文仟晓，马静静，邓三英．文化适应视域下少数民族“学困生”成因的个案研究——以汉语环境中的一少数民族学生为例［J］．教育研讨，2022，4（2）：152-157．