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大学生归因方式与自尊的关系调查研究

Research on the Relationship between Explanatory Style and Self-esteem of College Students

Psychology of China / 2024,6(3): 337-345 / 2024-03-21 318 1035

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• Authors: 周莉源¹      李金凤²     
• Information:

  1．广西师范大学，桂林；
  2．梧州学院，梧州

• Keywords: College explanatory ; Self-esteem 大学生；归因方式；自尊
• Abstract: Individuals’ attributional style has a very important effect on their self-esteem. This studyexplores the relationship between attributional style and self-esteem in college students. In this study, 452college students were randomly collected by questionnaire star, with attribution style as the independentvariable and self-esteem as the dependent variable. Data were collected by multidimensional attributionscale and self-esteem scale compiled by the classic Rosenberg (1965), and the results were finally analyzed.The results are reported as follows: (1) on the whole, individuals consistently tend to choose internalattribution. (2) in terms of differences in family structure, children from different families have significantdifferences in attributions of ability and internal control for failure. (3) there were no significantdifferences at all levels of attribution in all variables such as gender, place of origin, only child, familyeconomy and family relationship. (4) in terms of age difference, there are differences between juniorsand other grades in attributions of luck and internal control, while there are no significant differences inother variables. (5) in terms of major differences, college students of different majors only have differencesin internal control attribution of failure, but no differences in other variables. (6) the biggest factorinfluencing the self-esteem of college students is the internal dimension of their attributional. 个体的归因方式对他们的自尊有着非常重要影响。本次研究探索大学生归因方式与自尊的关系。研究采用问卷法，随机收集452名大学生，以归因方式为自变量，自尊为因变量，使用多维归因量表和经典的Rosenberg（1965）编制的自尊量表的采集数据，最后对结果进行分析。研究结果报告如下：（1）在总体上，个体一致倾向于选择内归因。（2）在家庭结构差异上，来自不同的家庭的孩子在关于能力归因和失败内控归因这两个方面，存在着明显的不同。（3）在性别、生源地、独生子女、家庭经济、家庭关系等所有变量方面在归因的各个水平均不存在显著差异。（4）在年级差异上，大三年级在运气归因和内控归因这两者与其他年级有差别，而在其他变量上，没有显著差异。（5）在专业差异上，不同专业的大学生仅在失败内控归因有差别，其他变量没有差别。（6）影响大学生自尊的最大因素是大学生归因风格的内部维度。
• DOI: https://doi.org/10.35534/pc.0603038
• Cite: 周莉源，李金凤．大学生归因方式与自尊的关系调查研究［J］．中国心理学前沿，2024，6（3）：337-345．